| |
300 ppm |
600 ppm |
900 ppm |
| Plant Name |
Number of
Studies |
Arithmetic
Mean |
Standard
Error |
Number of
Studies |
Arithmetic
Mean |
Standard
Error |
Number of
Studies |
Arithmetic
Mean |
Standard
Error |
| C3 Grass [Stipa baicalensis] |
5 | 105% | 21.5% |
| | |
| | |
| C4 Grass [Cleistogenes squarrosa] |
2 | 24.5% | 17.3% |
| | |
| | |
| Cabbage [Brassica oleracea] |
14 | 53.4% | 8.2% |
11 | 59.8% | 10% |
| | |
| Cacao Tree [Theobroma cacao] |
3 | 31.7% | 10.4% |
| | |
| | |
| Cajanus cajan [Pigeon Pea] |
6 | 68.8% | 14.1% |
| | |
| | |
| Calamagrostis angustifolia [Reed Grass] |
24 | 14.8% | 2.1% |
| | |
| | |
| Calamagrostis purpurea [Scandinavian Small Reed] |
2 | 18% | 7.8% |
| | |
| | |
| Calamagrostis epigeios [Chee Reedgrass] |
2 | 98.5% | 0.4% |
| | |
| | |
| Calcidiscus leptoporus [Marine Coccolithophore] |
2 | 18.5% | 3.2% |
| | |
| | |
| Calluna vulgaris [Heather] |
9 | 17.1% | 5.4% |
| | |
| | |
| Camellia sinensis [Tea Shrub] |
4 | 30.8% | 5.7% |
| | |
| | |
| Camphorweed [Heterotheca subaxillaris] |
1 | 20% | 0% |
| | |
| | |
| Canada Cockleburr [Xanthium strumarium] |
7 | 30.6% | 6.4% |
| | |
| | |
| Canary Grass [Phalaris arundinacea] |
8 | 34.3% | 12.1% |
| | |
| | |
| Cantaloupe [Cucumis melo] |
4 | 8.3% | 3.2% |
3 | 13.7% | 1.8% |
3 | 34.3% | 4.4% |
| Capitata [Stylosanthes capitata] |
2 | 46.5% | 21.6% |
| | |
| | |
| Capsicum annuum [Sweet Pepper] |
13 | 30.2% | 7.1% |
| | |
| | |
| Capsicum chinense [Yellow Lantern Chili] |
1 | 49% | 0% |
| | |
1 | 168% | 0% |
| Caragana microphylla [Littleleaf Peashrub] |
1 | 19% | 0% |
| | |
| | |
| Caragana intermedia [Deciduous Shrub of Semi-arid Northern China] |
6 | 54.5% | 4.5% |
| | |
| | |
| Carapa surinamensis [Andiroba] |
4 | 40.8% | 6.4% |
| | |
| | |
| Cardamine hirsuta [Hairy Bittercress] |
2 | -0.5% | 3.9% |
| | |
| | |
| Carex arenaria [Sand Sedge] |
1 | 26% | 0% |
| | |
| | |
| Carex bigelowii [Bigelow's Sedge] |
1 | 0% | 0% |
| | |
| | |
| Carex flacca [Heath Sedge] |
5 | 73.8% | 18.2% |
| | |
| | |
| Carex rostrata [Beaked Sedge] |
1 | 44% | 0% |
| | |
| | |
| Cariniana legalis [Jequitiba Tree] |
2 | 20% | 2.8% |
| | |
| | |
| Carob [Ceratonia siliqua] |
10 | 38.1% | 9.7% |
| | |
| | |
| Carpinus betulus [European Hornbeam] |
3 | 35.3% | 26.4% |
| | |
| | |
| Carrizo Citrange [Citrus sinensis x Poncirus trifoliata] |
2 | 40.5% | 1.8% |
| | |
| | |
| Carrot [Daucus carota Daucus carota] |
5 | 77.8% | 32.3% |
| | |
| | |
| Carthamus tinctorius [Safflower] |
| | |
1 | 43% | 0% |
| | |
| Cassava [Manihot esculenta] |
10 | 32.5% | 18.2% |
| | |
| | |
| Cassia fasciculata [Sleepingplant] |
2 | 17.5% | 27.2% |
| | |
| | |
| Cassia nictitans [Partridge Pea] |
1 | 22% | 0% |
| | |
| | |
| Cassia obtusifolia [Coffeeweed] |
2 | 31.5% | 7.4% |
| | |
| | |
| Castanea sativa [Sweet Chesnut] |
4 | 12.8% | 2.2% |
| | |
| | |
| Casuarina equisetifolia [Beach Sheoak] |
1 | 54% | 0% |
| | |
| | |
| Catopsis juncifolia [Bromeliad, Tropical] |
4 | 13.3% | 5.2% |
| | |
| | |
| Cattail [Typha latifolia] |
2 | 12.5% | 10.3% |
| | |
| | |
| Celery [Apium graveolens] |
| | |
1 | 29% | 0% |
| | |
| Cenchrus ciliaris [Buffel Grass] |
4 | 99.5% | 49.3% |
4 | 78.8% | 6.3% |
| | |
| Centaurea solstitialis [Yellow Star Thistle] |
1 | 500% | 0% |
| | |
| | |
| Centella [Centella asiatica] |
1 | 145% | 0% |
| | |
| | |
| Centella asiatica [Centella] |
1 | 145% | 0% |
| | |
| | |
| Cerastium fontanum [Chickweed] |
1 | 51% | 0% |
| | |
| | |
| Ceratonia siliqua [Carob] |
10 | 38.1% | 9.7% |
| | |
| | |
| Ceratophytum tetragonolobum |
2 | 60% | 42.4% |
| | |
| | |
| Chaetoceros muelleri [Marine Diatom] |
2 | 18% | 6.4% |
| | |
| | |
| Chairmaker's Bulrush [Schoenoplectus americanus] |
1 | 27% | 0% |
| | |
| | |
| Chamaecrista nictitans [Partridge Pea] |
1 | 0% | 0% |
| | |
| | |
| Chamelaucium uncinatum (Schauer) x Chamelaucium uncinatum (MS) [Lady Stephanie] |
3 | 20.7% | 3.4% |
| | |
| | |
| Chamerion angustifolium |
1 | 228% | 0% |
| | |
| | |
| Chamerops humilis [Mediterranean Fan Palm] |
1 | 67% | 0% |
| | |
| | |
| Cheatgrass [Bromus tectorum] |
1 | 36% | 0% |
| | |
| | |
| Chenopodium album [Lambsquarters] |
20 | 46% | 7.7% |
| | |
| | |
| Chenopodium bonus-henricus [Good King Henry] |
1 | 21% | 0% |
| | |
| | |
| Cherry, Black [Prunus serotina] |
2 | 42% | 1.4% |
| | |
| | |
| Cherry, Sweet [Prunus avium] |
8 | 59.8% | 7.8% |
| | |
| | |
| Chesnut, Sweet [Castanea sativa] |
4 | 12.8% | 2.2% |
| | |
| | |
| Chickpea [Cicer arietinum] |
23 | 45% | 3.3% |
| | |
| | |
| Chickweed [Cerastium fontanum] |
1 | 51% | 0% |
| | |
| | |
| Chinese Broccoli [Brassica alboglabra] |
2 | 9% | 0.7% |
| | |
| | |
| Chinese Fever Vine [Paederia scandens] |
1 | 14% | 0% |
| | |
| | |
| Chinese Lyme-grass [Leymus chinensis] |
5 | 21.2% | 3.8% |
| | |
| | |
| Chinese Seabuckthorn [Hippophae gyantsensis] |
1 | 55% | 0% |
| | |
| | |
| Chinese Tallow Tree [Triadica sebifera] |
4 | 19.5% | 6% |
| | |
| | |
| Chinese Woad [Isatis indigotica] |
5 | 43.8% | 6.4% |
| | |
| | |
| Chinese Yam [Dioscorea opposita] |
20 | 60.7% | 7.5% |
| | |
| | |
| Chlamydomonas reinhardtii [Common Microalga] |
| | |
3 | 239.3% | 121.4% |
1 | 65% | 0% |
| Chlorella pyrenoidosa [Common Freshwater Microalga] |
2 | 8% | 0.7% |
| | |
| | |
| Chloris gayana [Rhodes Grass] |
1 | 39% | 0% |
| | |
| | |
| Chrysanthemum [Chrysanthemum morifolium] |
| | |
14 | 33.3% | 3.8% |
1 | 59% | 0% |
| Chrysanthemum morifolium [Chrysanthemum] |
| | |
14 | 33.3% | 3.8% |
1 | 59% | 0% |
| Cicer arietinum [Chickpea] |
23 | 45% | 3.3% |
| | |
| | |
| Cirsium arvense [Canadian Thistle] |
3 | 83.3% | 33.5% |
| | |
| | |
| Citrus [Ambersweet Orange Tree] |
3 | 30.7% | 1.2% |
| | |
| | |
| Citrus limon [Lemon Tree] |
4 | 28.3% | 6.1% |
| | |
| | |
| Citrus aurantium [Sour Orange Tree] |
5 | 69.4% | 9.1% |
| | |
| | |
| Citrus reticulata [Mandarin Orange Tree] |
2 | 29.5% | 3.9% |
| | |
| | |
| Citrus sinensis [Sweet Orange Tree] |
2 | 38.5% | 4.6% |
| | |
| | |
| Citrus sinensis x poncirus trifoliata [Carrizo Citrange] |
2 | 40.5% | 1.8% |
| | |
| | |
| Clammy Cuphea [Cuphea viscosissima] |
1 | 17% | 0% |
1 | 34% | 0% |
1 | 51% | 0% |
| Clarkia rubicunda [Ruby Chalice Fairyfan] |
1 | 35% | 0% |
| | |
| | |
| Cleistogenes squarrosa [C4 Grass] |
2 | 24.5% | 17.3% |
| | |
| | |
| Climbing Dayflower [Commelina diffusa] |
1 | 203% | 0% |
| | |
| | |
| Climbing Nightshade [Solanum dulcamara] |
10 | 46.5% | 9.3% |
| | |
| | |
| Clitoria ternatea [Butterfly Pea] |
1 | 84% | 0% |
| | |
| | |
| Clover, Crimson [Trifolium incarnatum] |
2 | 21.5% | 0.4% |
| | |
| | |
| Clover, Japanese [Kummerowia striata] |
1 | 26% | 0% |
| | |
| | |
| Clover, Purple [Trifolium pratense] |
6 | 16.3% | 3.7% |
6 | 14.7% | 3.7% |
| | |
| Clover, Silky Prairie [Petalostemum villosum] |
3 | -9.3% | 23.4% |
| | |
| | |
| Clover, White [Trifolium repens] |
49 | 64.9% | 15.7% |
| | |
1 | 73% | 0% |
| Coastal Scrub Wattle [Acacia minuta] |
2 | 110% | 22.6% |
| | |
| | |
| Codlins and Cream [Epilobium hirsutum] |
1 | 9% | 0% |
| | |
| | |
| Coffea arabica [Coffee] |
7 | 42.7% | 8.1% |
| | |
| | |
| Coffea arabusta [Coffee] |
2 | 175.5% | 76.7% |
| | |
| | |
| Coffee [Coffea arabica] |
7 | 42.7% | 8.1% |
| | |
| | |
| Coffee [Coffea arabusta] |
2 | 175.5% | 76.7% |
| | |
| | |
| Coffeeweed [Cassia obtusifolia] |
2 | 31.5% | 7.4% |
| | |
| | |
| Commelina benghalensis [Tropical Spiderwort] |
1 | 61% | 0% |
| | |
| | |
| Commelina diffusa [Climbing Dayflower] |
1 | 203% | 0% |
| | |
| | |
| Common Reed [Phragmites australis] |
2 | 410% | 17.7% |
| | |
| | |
| Common Seabuckthorn [Hippophae rhamnoides] |
1 | 23% | 0% |
| | |
| | |
| Conium maculatum [Poison Hemlock] |
1 | 21% | 0% |
| | |
| | |
| Copaifera aromatica |
| | |
2 | 30% | 7.8% |
| | |
| Coral Honeysuckle [Lonicera sempervirens] |
1 | 30% | 0% |
1 | 46% | 0% |
| | |
| Cordgrass, Common [Spartina anglica] |
3 | 19% | 25.1% |
| | |
| | |
| Cordgrass, Saltmeadow [Spartina patens] |
9 | 9.7% | 4.9% |
| | |
| | |
| Cordgrass, Smooth [Spartina alterniflora] |
2 | 0% | 0% |
| | |
| | |
| Corkscrew Vallisneria [Vallisneria tortifolia] |
9 | 9.7% | 4.9% |
| | |
| | |
| Corncockle [Agrostemma githago] |
1 | 21% | 0% |
| | |
| | |
| Cornus florida [Eastern Flowering Dogwood] |
2 | 121.5% | 37.1% |
| | |
| | |
| Corn [Zea mays] |
60 | 32.1% | 5.4% |
16 | 27.6% | 3.7% |
| | |
| Correa schlechtendalii |
3 | 9.7% | 0.3% |
| | |
| | |
| Cotton [Gossypium hirsutum] |
43 | 56.5% | 7.5% |
1 | 27% | 0% |
| | |
| Cottongrass, Tussock [Eriophorum vaginatum] |
5 | 105% | 71.6% |
| | |
| | |
| Cottonwood, Black [Populus trichocarpa] |
5 | 124% | 93.2% |
| | |
| | |
| Cottonwood, Eastern [Populus deltoides] |
7 | 53.7% | 13.6% |
| | |
3 | 96% | 0% |
| Crabgrass, Hairy [Digitaria sanguinalis] |
2 | 39% | 12.7% |
2 | 63.5% | 25.8% |
| | |
| Crabgrass, Natal [Digitaria natalensis] |
6 | 13% | 3.2% |
| | |
| | |
| Creeping Bentgrass [Agrostis stolonifera] |
4 | 16.8% | 1.2% |
| | |
| | |
| Creeping Daisy [Wedelia trilobata] |
2 | 59.5% | 0.4% |
| | |
| | |
| Creosote Bush [Larrea tridentata] |
8 | 104.9% | 22.9% |
| | |
| | |
| Crested Wheatgrass [Agropyron cristatum] |
2 | 141% | 4.9% |
| | |
| | |
| Crested Dogstailgrass [Cynosurus cristatus] |
1 | 30% | 0% |
| | |
| | |
| Crotalaria juncea [Sunn Hemp] |
2 | 45% | 9.9% |
| | |
| | |
| Croton urucurana [Dragons Blood Tree] |
2 | 23.5% | 4.6% |
| | |
| | |
| Cryptomeria japonica [Japanese Cedar] |
8 | 77.9% | 9.1% |
| | |
| | |
| Cucumber, Garden [Cucumis sativus] |
18 | 40.6% | 5.1% |
11 | 45.6% | 5.8% |
7 | 105.4% | 48.6% |
| Cucumis melo [Cantaloupe] |
4 | 8.3% | 3.2% |
3 | 13.7% | 1.8% |
3 | 34.3% | 4.4% |
| Cucumis sativus [Garden Cucumber] |
18 | 40.6% | 5.1% |
11 | 45.6% | 5.8% |
7 | 105.4% | 48.6% |
| Cucurbita pepo [Summer Squash] |
| | |
1 | 83% | 0% |
| | |
| Cudweed [Gnaphalium affine] |
1 | 21% | 0% |
| | |
| | |
| Cuphea viscosissima [Clammy Cuphea] |
1 | 17% | 0% |
1 | 34% | 0% |
1 | 51% | 0% |
| Cycas revoluta [Sago Palm] |
1 | 172% | 0% |
| | |
| | |
| Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii [Freshwater Cyanobacterium] |
| | |
2 | 23.5% | 1.1% |
| | |
| Cynosurus cristatus [Crested Dogstailgrass] |
1 | 30% | 0% |
| | |
| | |
| Cyperus esculentus [Yellow Nutsedge] |
1 | 16% | 0% |
| | |
| | |
| Cyperus rotundus [Purple Nutsedge] |
1 | 38% | 0% |
| | |
| | |
