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Percent Dry Weight (Biomass) Increases for 300, 600 and 900 ppm
Increases in the Air's CO2 Concentration:

For a more detailed description of this table, click here.

Oryza sativa L. [Rice]

Journal References
Experimental Conditions
300 ppm

600 ppm
900 ppm
Aben et al. (1999)
hydroponics, 20 mg N L-1
32%
 
 
Aben et al. (1999)
hydroponics, 40 mg N L-1
34%
 
 
Aben et al. (1999)
hydroponics, 60 mg N L-1
32%
 
 
Aben et al. (1999)
hydroponics, 100 mg N L-1
29%
 
 
Alberto et al. (1996)
glasshouse, above-ground biomass
71%
 
 
Alberto et al. (1996)
glasshouse, seed yield
83%
 
 
Baker (2004)
Irrigated and fertilized plants grown to maturity in outdoor, naturally-sunlit, controlled-environment chambers maintained at a constant day-night air temperature of 28°C; grain biomass; cv. Cocodrie
40%
 
 
Baker (2004)
Irrigated and fertilized plants grown to maturity in outdoor, naturally-sunlit, controlled-environment chambers maintained at a constant day-night air temperature of 28°C; grain biomass; cv. Cypress
61%
 
 
Baker (2004)
Irrigated and fertilized plants grown to maturity in outdoor, naturally-sunlit, controlled-environment chambers maintained at a constant day-night air temperature of 28°C; grain biomass; cv. Jefferson
49%
 
 
Baker (2004)
Grain biomas of irrigated and fertilized plants grown to maturity in outdoor, naturally-sunlit, controlled-environment chambers maintained at constant day-night air temperatures of 27/23°C; grain biomass; cv. Lamont; main crop
11%
 
 
Baker (2004)
Grain biomas of irrigated and fertilized plants grown to maturity in outdoor, naturally-sunlit, controlled-environment chambers maintained at constant day-night air temperatures of 27/23°C; grain biomass; cv. Lamont; ratoon crop
89%
 
 
Baker et al. (1997)
Grain yield of plants grown to maturity in naturally sunlit, plant growth chambers; flooded
24%
 
 
Baker et al. (1997)
Grain yield of plants grown to maturity in naturally sunlit, plant growth chambers; drought at panicle initiation
22%
 
 
Baker et al. (1997)
Grain yield of plants grown to maturity in naturally sunlit, plant growth chambers; drought at anthesis
17%
 
 
Baker et al. (1997)
Grain yield of plants grown to maturity in naturally sunlit, plant growth chambers; drought at both panicle initiation and anthesis
6%
 
 
Baker et al. (1994)
Plants grown for whole season in outdoor, naturally sunlit, controlled-environment, plant growth chambers under day/night air temperatures of 32 and 23°C, respectively
0%
 
 
Baker et al. (1994)
Plants grown for whole season in outdoor, naturally sunlit, controlled-environment, plant growth chambers under day/night air temperatures of 35 and 26°C, respectively
12%
 
 
Baker et al. (1994)
Plants grown for whole season in outdoor, naturally sunlit, controlled-environment, plant growth chambers under day/night air temperatures of 38 and 29°C, respectively
43%
 
 
Baker et al. (1990)
vats, growth chambers
78%
53%
 
Baker et al. (1990)
vats, growth chambers
34%
83%
 
Baker et al. (1992)
vats, growth chambers
18%
26%
 
Bannayan et al. (2005)
FACE study of plants grown in paddies in northern Japan under high nitrogen treatment
26%
 
 
Bannayan et al. (2005)
FACE study of plants grown in paddies in northern Japan under medium nitrogen treatment
18%
 
 
Bannayan et al. (2005)
FACE study of plants grown in paddies in northern Japan under low nitrogen treatment
16%
 
 
Baysa et al. (2003)
Growth chambers at day/night temperatures of 29/21°C at 27 days after sowing
57%
 
 
Baysa et al. (2003)
Growth chambers at day/night temperatures of 34/26°C at 27 days after sowing
23%
 
 
Cheng et al. (2005)
Aboveground biomass of plants grown in paddy culture for 3.5 months in controlled environment chambers; cv Nipponbare
21%
 
 
Cheng et al. (2005)
Belowground biomass of plants grown in paddy culture for 3.5 months in controlled environment chambers; cv Nipponbare
26%
 
 
Cheng et al. (2006)
Total plant biomass of well-fertilized plants grown in simulated paddy culture in controlled-environment chambers from time of transplantation to harvest
11%
 
 
Cheng et al. (2006)
Ear plant biomass of well-fertilized plants grown in simulated paddy culture in controlled-environment chambers from time of transplantation to harvest
18%
 
 
Cheng et al. (2008)
Well watered (flooded) and fertilized plants grown from the panicle formation stage at 59 days after transplanting (DAT, from seedling trays into pots) within controlled-environment chambers until either 107 or 114 DAT under high (32°C) night temperatures, with day temperature held constant at 32°C
13%
 
 
Cheng et al. (2008)
Well watered (flooded) and fertilized plants grown from the panicle formation stage at 59 days after transplanting (DAT, from seedling trays into pots) within controlled-environment chambers until either 107 or 114 DAT under low (22°C) night temperatures, with day temperature held constant at 32°C
38%
 
 
De Costa et al. (2003)
3-month growing season in open-top chambers; January to March (the maha season)
36%
 
 
De Costa et al. (2003)
3-month growing season in open-top chambers; May to August (the yala season)
58%
 
 
De Costa et al. (2006)
Open-top chamber study of plants growing under normal field conditions during the maha (January to March) season at the Rice Research and Development Institute of Sri Lanka
34%
 
 
De Costa et al. (2006)
Open-top chamber study of plants growing under normal field conditions during the yala (May to August) season at the Rice Research and Development Institute of Sri Lanka
54%
 
 
De Costa et al. (2007)
Grain yield biomass of 16 different genotypes of rice grown in open-top chambers under standard lowland paddy culture with adequate water and nutrients at the Rice Research and Development Institute in Sri Lanka from May to August (yala season)
6% to +262%
 
 
De Costa et al. (2007)
Grain yield biomass of 16 different genotypes of rice grown in open-top chambers under standard lowland paddy culture with adequate water and nutrients at the Rice Research and Development Institute in Sri Lanka from November to March (maha season)
-8% to +96%
 
 
Imai et al. (1985)
pots (12 kg soil)
29%
 
 
Jitla et al. (1997)
growth chambers, enriched since germination
49%
 
 
Jitla et al. (1997)
growth chambers, enriched 15 days after planting
17%
 
 
Khan and Madsen (1986)
containers (6.1 liters)
16%
29%
 
FACE, shoots, low nitrogen
12%
 
 
FACE, shoots, medium nitrogen
16%
 
 
FACE, shoots, high nitrogen
21%
 
 
FACE, roots, low nitrogen
33%
 
 
FACE, roots, medium nitrogen
28%
 
 
FACE, roots, high nitrogen
15%
 
 
Kim et al. (2003)
Plants grown from the seedling stage to maturity in a FACE study for three cropping seasons; biomass of grain under low nitrogen treatment (4 g N m-2)
11%
 
 
Kim et al. (2003)
Plants grown from the seedling stage to maturity in a FACE study for three cropping seasons; biomass of grain under medium nitrogen treatment (8 and 9 g N m-2)
22%
 
 
Kim et al. (2003)
Plants grown from the seedling stage to maturity in a FACE study for three cropping seasons; biomass of grain under high nitrogen treatment (15 g N m-2)
23%
 
 
Ma et al. (2007a)
FACE study of aboveground biomass production of plants grown for a full season under field conditions at a low level of nitrogen fertilization
40%
 
 
Ma et al. (2007a)
FACE study of belowground biomass production of plants grown for a full season under field conditions at a low level of nitrogen fertilization
61%
 
 
Ma et al. (2007a)
FACE study of aboveground biomass production of plants grown for a full season under field conditions at a high level of nitrogen fertilization
24%
 
 
Ma et al. (2007a)
FACE study of belowground biomass production of plants grown for a full season under field conditions at a high level of nitrogen fertilization
39%
 
 
Ma et al. (2007b)
FACE study of plants grown in paddy culture at Wuxi, Jiangsu Province (China) during the grain ripening stage at normal N (250 kg ha-1) soil fertility
12%
 
 
Ma et al. (2007b)
FACE study of plants grown in paddy culture at Wuxi, Jiangsu Province (China) during the grain ripening stage at low N (150 kg ha-1) soil fertility
32%
 
 
Makino et al. (2000a)
70 days in environmentally-controlled growth chamber, hydroponics, "wild type"
 
35%
 
Makino et al. (2000a)
70 days in environmentally-controlled growth chamber, hydroponics, "transgenic with 65% wild-type Rubisco"
 
145%
 
Makino et al. (2000a)
70 days in environmentally-controlled growth chamber, hydroponics, "transgenic with 40% wild-type Rubisco"
 
545%
 
Makino et al. (2000b)
growth chamber, hydroponics,
wild-type plants, shoot
 
33%
 
Makino et al. (2000b)
growth chamber, hydroponics,
wild-type plants, root
 
44%
 
Makino et al. (2000b)
growth chamber, hydroponics, transformant AS-77 plants, shoot
 
109%
 
Makino et al. (2000b)
growth chamber, hydroponics, transformant AS-77 plants, root
 
215%
 
Makino et al. (2000b)
growth chamber, hydroponics, transformant AS-71 plants, shoot
 
580%
 
Makino et al. (2000b)
growth chamber, hydroponics, transformant AS-71 plants, root
 
585%
 
Morison and Gifford (1984)
pots (3.2 kg soil)
38%
 
 
Olszyk and Wise (1997)
Plants grown from seed in plastic tubes (150 g soil) in glasshouses for 28 days; O3 ~ 1 µl l-1 h
37%
 
 
Olszyk and Wise (1997)
Plants grown from seed in plastic tubes (150 g soil) in glasshouses for 28 days; O3 ~ 44 µl l-1 h
128%
 
 
Olszyk et al. (1999)
Plants in field within open-top chambers (wet season)
29%
 
 
Olszyk et al. (1999)
Plants in field within open-top chambers (dry season)
24%
 
 
Olszyk et al. (1999)
Plants in field within open-top chambers (dry season)
15%
 
 
Pang et al. (2006)
Ear biomass of plants grown from the 28-day seedling stage for five months in low N (14 mg N/liter) nutrient solution in buckets recessed into the ground in a FACE study
70%
 
 
Pang et al. (2006)
Ear biomass of plants grown from the 28-day seedling stage for five months in high N (28 mg N per liter) nutrient solution in buckets recessed into the ground in a FACE study
74%
 
 
Pang et al. (2006)
Stem biomass of plants grown from the 28-day seedling stage for five months in low N (14 mg N/liter) nutrient solution in buckets recessed into the ground in a FACE study
52%
 
 
Pang et al. (2006)
Stem biomass of plants grown from the 28-day seedling stage for five months in high N (28 mg N per liter) nutrient solution in buckets recessed into the ground in a FACE study
32%
 
 
Pang et al. (2006)
Root biomass of plants grown from the 28-day seedling stage for five months in low N (14 mg N/liter) nutrient solution in buckets recessed into the ground in a FACE study
84%
 
 
Pang et al. (2006)
Root biomass of plants grown from the 28-day seedling stage for five months in high N (28 mg N per liter) nutrient solution in buckets recessed into the ground in a FACE study
114%
 
 
Sakai et al. (2007)
Grain yield of adequately fertilized plants grown for one full season out-of-doors at a FACE facility in the northern part of Honshu, Japan, under standard paddy culture
16%
 
 
Sakai et al. (2006)
Plants grown under normal nitrogen conditions from the seedling stage to harvest in flooded alluvial paddy soil in containers located within naturally sunlit controlled-environment chambers
9%
 
 
Sakai et al. (2006)
Plants grown under 40% higher than normal nitrogen conditions from the seedling stage to harvest in flooded alluvial paddy soil in containers located within naturally sunlit controlled-environment chambers
40%
 
 
Sasaki et al. (2005a)
Ears per hill biomass of well watered and fertilized plants grown from seed to maturity in paddy boxes (150 x 150 x 30 cm high) at a density of 3 seedlings per hill in controlled environment chambers
31%
 
 
Sasaki et al. (2005b)
Total biomass at pre-heading of plants grown as per standard farming practices at the Japanese Rice FACE Project
60%
 
 
Sasaki et al. (2005b)
Total biomass at grain-filling of plants grown as per standard farming practices at the Japanese Rice FACE Project
33%
 
 
Sasaki et al. (2005b)
Total biomass at grain maturity of plants grown as per standard farming practices at the Japanese Rice FACE Project
21%
 
 
Schrope et al. (1999)
Plants grown for a typical "ratooned" growing season in 60-cm-deep vats within Temperature Gradient Chambers in greenhouses; cv. Lemont
72%
 
 
Schrope et al. (1999)
Plants grown for a typical "ratooned" growing season in 60-cm-deep vats within Temperature Gradient Chambers in greenhouses; cv. IR-72
33%
 
 
Shimono et al. (2008)
Grain yield of plants grown in a FACE study in Japan in a cool year (mean growing season temperature of 18.7°C)
9%
 
 
Shimono et al. (2008)
Grain yield of plants grown in a FACE study in Japan in a warm year (mean growing season temperature of 20.2°C)
26%
 
 
Hydroponics, day/night temp. 24/17°C
0%
 
 
Hydroponics, day/night temp. 26/19°C
19%
 
 
Teramura et al. (1990)
pots (0.5 liters to 20 liters)
18%
 
 
open-top chambers, leaf dry mass,
Pusa-Basmati-1 cultivar
66%
 
 
open-top chambers, leaf dry mass,
P-2503-6-693 cultivar
35%
 
 
open-top chambers, leaf dry mass,
P-677 cultivar
21%
 
 
open-top chambers, leaf dry mass,
P-834 cultivar
18%
 
 
Watling and Press (2000)
Plants grown from seed in pots for 80 days in the presence of the root hemiparasite Striga hermonthica
105%
 
 
Watling and Press (2000)
Plants grown from seed in pots for 80 days in the absence of the root hemiparasite Striga hermonthica
5%
 
 
glasshouse, low nitrogen
 
24%
 
glasshouse, high nitrogen
 
69%
 
Xu et al. (2004)
Plants grown from seed to maturity in paddy culture in a FACE study under low nitrogen
15%
 
 
Xu et al. (2004)
Plants grown from seed to maturity in paddy culture in a FACE study under high nitrogen
24%
 
 
Xu et al. (2006)
Aboveground biomass at anthesis of well watered and fertilized plants grown from seed and transplanted to the field where they were studied under FACE conditions
42%
 
 
Xu et al. (2006)
Aboveground biomass at mid-ripening of well watered and fertilized plants grown from seed and transplanted to the field where they were studied under FACE conditions
45%
 
 
Xu et al. (2006)
Aboveground biomass at maturity of well watered and fertilized plants grown from seed and transplanted to the field where they were studied under FACE conditions
22%
 
 
Yamakawa et al. (2004)
Aboveground biomass of plants grown from seed under conventional management in FACE study; Panicle initiation
80%
 
 
Yamakawa et al. (2004)
Aboveground biomass of plants grown from seed under conventional management in FACE study; Final
20%
 
 
Yang et al. (2006a)
Plants grown under standard paddy culture conditions at the China Rice/Wheat FACE facility near Wuxi, Jiangsu, China, in 2001, 2002 and 2003 at tillering
60%
 
 
Yang et al. (2006a)
Plants grown under standard paddy culture conditions at the China Rice/Wheat FACE facility near Wuxi, Jiangsu, China, in 2001, 2002 and 2003 at panicle inititation
45%
 
 
Yang et al. (2006a)
Plants grown under standard paddy culture conditions at the China Rice/Wheat FACE facility near Wuxi, Jiangsu, China, in 2001, 2002 and 2003 at heading
33%
 
 
Yang et al. (2006a)
Plants grown under standard paddy culture conditions at the China Rice/Wheat FACE facility near Wuxi, Jiangsu, China, in 2001, 2002 and 2003 at mid-ripening
39%
 
 
Yang et al. (2006a)
Plants grown under standard paddy culture conditions at the China Rice/Wheat FACE facility near Wuxi, Jiangsu, China, in 2001, 2002 and 2003 at grain maturity
24%
 
 
Yang et al. (2006b)
Yield biomass of plants grown for three seasons (2001-2003) under standard paddy culture at the China Rice/Wheat FACE facility of Wuxi, Jiangsu province, China in 2001
16%
 
 
Yang et al. (2006b)
Yield biomass of plants grown for three seasons (2001-2003) under standard paddy culture at the China Rice/Wheat FACE facility of Wuxi, Jiangsu province, China in 2002
21%
 
 
Yang et al. (2006b)
Yield biomass of plants grown for three seasons (2001-2003) under standard paddy culture at the China Rice/Wheat FACE facility of Wuxi, Jiangsu province, China in 2003
20%
 
 
Yang et al. (2007a)
Total dry matter biomass of paddy rice crops grown between intervening wheat crops in a rice-wheat rotation during a three-year FACE study at Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
24%
 
 
Yang et al. (2007a)
Total grain yield biomass of paddy rice crops grown between intervening wheat crops in a rice-wheat rotation during a three-year FACE study at Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
20%
 
 
Yang et al. (2007b)
Grain yield biomass of plants grown under three levels of nitrogen fertilization -15, 25 (standard) and 35 g N m-2 during a three-year FACE study- conducted at Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
19%
 
 
Yoshimoto et al. (2006)
FACE study of paddy-grown plants from transplanting through harvest conducted at Shizukuishi, Iwate, Japan
14%
 
 
Zheng et al. (2006)
Means of aboveground biomass at late tillering over three growing seasons for two varieties of plants grown under paddy culture in a FACE study in southeastern China
60%
 
 
Zheng et al. (2006)
Means of aboveground biomass at panicle initiation over three growing seasons for two varieties of plants grown under paddy culture in a FACE study in southeastern China
41%
 
 
Zheng et al. (2006)
Means of aboveground biomass at heading over three growing seasons for two varieties of plants grown under paddy culture in a FACE study in southeastern China
34%
 
 
Zheng et al. (2006)
Means of aboveground biomass at maturing over three growing seasons for two varieties of plants grown under paddy culture in a FACE study in southeastern China
24%
 
 
Zhu et al. (2008)
Grain biomass of plants grown from seed to maturity at a low level of soil nitrogen (N) supply in Chinese FACE study
36%
 
 
Zhu et al. (2008)
Grain biomass of plants grown from seed to maturity at an adequate level of soil nitrogen (N) supply in Chinese FACE study
50%
 
 
Ziska and Teramura (1992)
pots (20 liters)
33%
 
 
Ziska and Teramura (1992)
pots (20 liters, 2 plants)
19%
 
 
Ziska et al. (1996)
Mean total plant biomass of well watered and fertilized plants of 17 different cultivars grown from seed to maturity within glasshouses in 24-l pots filled with local soil at day/night temperatures of 29/21°C
72%
 
 
Ziska et al. (1996)
Mean total plant biomass of well watered and fertilized plants of 17 different cultivars grown from seed to maturity within glasshouses in 24-l pots filled with local soil at day/night temperatures of 37/29°C
24%
 
 
Ziska et al. (1997)
Total biomass of plants grown to maturity in open-top chambers in the Philippines for two consecutive years
40%
 
 
Ziska et al. (1997)
Grain yield of plants grown to maturity in open-top chambers in the Philippines for two consecutive years
27%
 
 
Zong et al. (2004)
Ear biomass of plants grown from seeding to harvest in pots in growth chambers at "low" levels of nitrogen nutrition
17%
 
 
Zong et al. (2004)
Ear biomass of plants grown from seeding to harvest in pots in growth chambers at "high" levels of nitrogen nutrition
20%