Photosynthesis (Net CO2 Exchange Rate) References
Picea mariana (P. Mill.) B.S.P. [Black Spruce]


Bigras, F.J. and Bertrand, A. 2006. Responses of Picea mariana to elevated CO2 concentration during growth, cold hardening and dehardening: phenology, cold tolerance, photosynthesis and growth. Tree Physiology 26: 875-888.

Johnsen, K.H. 1993. Growth and ecophysiological responses of black spruce seedlings to elevated CO2 under varied water and nutrient additions. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 23: 1033-1042.

Tjoelker, M.G., Oleksyn, J. and Reich, P.B. 1998. Seedlings of five boreal tree species differ in acclimation of net photosynthesis to elevated CO2 and temperature. Tree Physiology 18: 715-726.


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