Photosynthesis (Net CO2 Exchange Rate) References
Liquidambar styraciflua L. [Sweetgum]
DeLucia, E.H. and Thomas, R.B. 2000. Photosynthetic responses to CO2 enrichment of four hardwood species in a forest understory. Oecologia 122: 11-19.
DeLucia, E.H., Moore, D.J. and Norby, R.J. 2005. Contrasting responses of forest ecosystems to rising atmospheric CO2: Implications for the global C cycle. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 19: 10.1029/2004GB002346.
Ellsworth, D.S., Reich, P.B., Naumburg, E.S., Koch, G.W., Kubiske, M.E. and Smith, S.D. 2004. Photosynthesis, carboxylation and leaf nitrogen responses of 16 species to elevated pCO2 across four free-air CO2 enrichment experiments in forest, grassland and desert. Global Change Biology 10: 2121-2138.
Fetcher, N., Jaeger, C.H., Strain, B.R. and Sionit, N. 1988. Long-term elevation of atmospheric CO2 concentration and the carbon exchange rates of saplings of Pinus taeda L. and Liquidamber styraciflua L. Tree Physiology 4: 255-262.
Gunderson, C.A., Sholtis, J.D., Wullschleger, D., Tissue, D.T., Hanson, P.J. and Norby, R.J. 2002. Environmental and stomatal control of photosynthetic enhancement in the canopy of a sweetgum (Liquidamabar stryraciflua L.) plantation during 3 years of CO2 enrichment. Plant, Cell and Environment 25: 379-393.
Herrick, J.D. and Thomas, R.B. 2001. No photosynthetic down-regulation in sweetgum trees (Liquidambar styraciflua L.) after three years of CO2 enrichment at the Duke Forest FACE experiment. Plant, Cell and Environment 24: 53-64.
Herrick, J.D. and Thomas, R.B. 2003. Leaf senescence and late-season net photosynthesis of sun and shade leaves of overstory sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) grown in elevated and ambient carbon dioxide concentrations. Tree Physiology 23: 109-118.
Sholtis, J.D., Gunderson, C.A., Norby, R.J. and Tissue, D.T. 2004. Persistent stimulation of photosynthesis by elevated CO2 in a sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) forest stand. New Phytologist 162: 343-354.
Springer, C.J. and Thomas, R.B. 2007. Photosynthetic responses of forest understory tree species to long-term exposure to elevated carbon dioxide concentration at the Duke Forest FACE experiment. Tree Physiology 27: 25-32.
Tolley, L.C. and Strain, B.R. 1985. Effects of CO2 enrichment and water stress on gas exchange of Liquidamber styraciflua and Pinus taeda seedlings grown under different irradiance levels. Oecologia 65: 166-172.