Photosynthesis (Net CO2 Exchange Rate) References
Betula pendula Roth [European White Birch]
Eichelmann, H., Oja, V., Rasulov, B., Padu, E., Bichele, I., Pettai, H., Mols, T., Kasparova, I., Vapaavuori, E. and Laisk, A. 2004. Photosynthetic parameters of birch (Betula pendula Roth) leaves growing in normal and in CO2- and O3-enriched atmospheres. Plant, Cell and Environment 27: 479-495.
Heath, J., Ayres, E., Possell, M., Bardgett, R.D., Black, H.I.J., Grant, H., Ineson, P. and Kerstiens, G. 2005. Rising atmospheric CO2 reduces sequestration of root-derived soil carbon. Science 309: 1711-1713
Rey, A. and Jarvis, P.G. 1998. Long-term photosynthetic acclimation to increased atmospheric CO2 concentration in young birch (Betula pendula) trees. Tree Physiology 18: 441-450.
Riikonen, J., Holopainen, T., Oksanen, E. and Vapaavuori, E. 2005. Leaf photosynthetic characteristics of silver birch during three years of exposure to elevated concentrations of CO2 and O3 in the field. Tree Physiology 25: 621-632.