Photosynthesis (Net CO2 Exchange Rate) References
Alnus hirsuta Turcz. [Manchurian Alder]


Eguchi, N., Karatsu, K., Ueda, T., Funada, R., Takagi, K., Hiura, T., Sasa, K. and Koike, T. 2008. Photosynthetic responses of birch and alder saplings grown in a free air CO2 enrichment system in northern Japan. Trees 22: 437-447.

Tobita, H., Kitao, M., Koike, T. and Maruyama, Y. 2005. Effects of elevated CO2 and nitrogen availability on nodulation of Alnus hirsuta Turcz. Phyton 45: 125-131.

Tobita, H., Uemura, A., Kitao, M., Kitaoka, S. and Utsugi, H. 2010. Interactive effects of elevated CO2, phosphorus deficiency, and soil drought on nodulation and nitrogenase activity in Alnus hirsuta and Alnus maximowiczii. Symbiosis 50: 59-69.

Watanabe, Y., Tobita, H., Kitao, M., Maruyama, Y., Choi, D., Sasa, K., Funada, R. and Koike, T. 2008. Effects of elevated CO2 and nitrogen on wood structure related to water transport in seedlings of two deciduous broad-leaved tree species. Trees 22: 403-411.


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