Dry Weight (Biomass) References
Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Palib. [Barnyard Grass]
Potvin, C. and Strain, B.R. 1985. Effects of CO2 enrichment and temperature on growth in two C4 weeds, Echinochloa crusgalli and Eleusine indica. Canadian Journal of Botany 63: 1495-1499.
Sionit, N. and Patterson, D.T. 1984. Responses of C4 grasses to atmospheric CO2 enrichment. I. Effect of irradiance. Oecologia 65: 30-34.
Tang, J., Chen, J. and Chen, X. 2006. Response of 12 weedy species to elevated CO2 in low-phosphorus-availability soil. Ecological Research 21: 664-670.
Zeng, Q., Liu, B., Gilna, B., Zhang, Y., Zhu, C., Ma, H., Pang, J., Chen, G. and Zhu, J. 2011. Elevated CO2 effects on nutrient competition between a C3 crop (Oryza sativa L.) and a C4 weed (Echinochloa crusgalli L.). Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 89: 93-104.
Zhu, C., Zeng, Q., Ziska, L.H., Zhu, J., Xie, Z. and Liu, G. 2008. Effect of nitrogen supply on carbon dioxide-induced changes in competition between rice and barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli). Weed Science 56: 66-71.
Ziska, L.H. and Bunce, J.A. 1997. Influence of increasing carbon dioxide concentration on the photosynthetic and growth stimulation of selected C4 crops and weeds. Photosynthesis Research 54: 199-208.