How does rising atmospheric CO2 affect marine organisms?

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Volume 18:  October 2015 Archive of CO2 Science Postings

Antarctic Sea Ice Extent: How Has It Changed Since 1979? (31 October 2015)
One would think that one could correctly guess at least the sign (increase or decrease) of the change, especially if one was a scientist, and even more especially if one was a climate scientist, and even doubly more especially if one was a climate modelling scientist. However ...

Plant Growth Database (31 October 2015)
Our latest result of plant growth responses to atmospheric CO2 enrichment obtained from experiments described in the peer-reviewed scientific literature is for Hybrid Poplar (Guo et al., 2015). To access the entire database, click here.

The Influence of Five Decades of Rapid Urbanization on Chinese Temperatures (28 October 2015)
Unprecedented urbanization over the last several decades has led to a significant warming bias in Chinese surface air temperatures of 0.074°C per decade...

Effects of Elevated CO2 and Lead Contamination on a Common Reed (27 October 2015)
Amazingly, as reported in this new study, elevated CO2 helps to ameliorate lead toxicity and improves the resistance capacity of Phragmites australis to lead contamination...

Ocean Acidification Database (26 October 2015)
The latest addition of peer-reviewed data archived to our database of marine organism responses to atmospheric CO2 enrichment is Cinnamon Anemone Fish [Amphiprion melanopus] (Allan et al., 2014; caudal peduncle length). To access the entire database, click here.

Near-Surface Atmospheric Variables in CMIP5 Models (26 October 2015)
One might think that these basic "down to earth" properties of low-level weather phenomena would be rather easy to model; but if one did, he would be thinking something that even today's best-performing climate models are unable to do to the degree of correctness required to accurately inform us of the potential effects of historical and still-ongoing atmospheric CO2 enrichment...

35 Years of Tropical Cyclone Frequency in Japan (22 October 2015)
Contrary to the expectations of many climate alarmists, the frequency of tropical cyclones affecting Japan has declined over the past 35 years...

Two Millennia of Snowfall Accumulation in Antarctica (22 October 2015)
In the future, annual snowfall accumulation totals will likely continue much as they have for the past 2035 years, never straying too far (or too long) from the long-term mean, unaffected by changes in CO2 or temperature...

Plant Growth Database (22 October 2015)
Our latest result of plant growth responses to atmospheric CO2 enrichment obtained from experiments described in the peer-reviewed scientific literature is for Garden Bean (Srinivasa Rao et al., 2015). To access the entire database, click here.

Interactive Effects of Elevated CO2 and Air Pollution on Wheat -- Summary (21 October 2015)
Atmospheric CO2 enrichment typically enhances photosynthesis and biomass production in wheat (Triticum aestivum) under normal growing conditions. But what happens when environmental conditions are less than ideal? This Summary investigates this question as it pertains to the impact of air pollutants on the growth and development of wheat, as learned from a number of scientific studies published on this topic...

What Drives Coral Calcification on Heron Reef? (21 October 2015)
Out in the real world of nature, calcification is much less sensitive to changes in Ωarag than has long been assumed, which reality should significantly temper concerns over the impacts of future ocean acidification on coral reefs...

The Impact of Ocean Acidification on Three Charophyte Species in the Baltic Sea (20 October 2015)
Even at very low pH values (~2000 µatm CO2), the net primary productivity of each species was enhanced...

Ocean Acidification Database (20 October 2015)
The latest addition of peer-reviewed data archived to our database of marine organism responses to atmospheric CO2 enrichment is Foraminifera [Ammonia aomoriensis] (Haynert and Schonfeld, 2014; temperature = 13°C, salinity = 20 ppt). To access the entire database, click here.

Unresolved Model Biases in Cloud Climatology (19 October 2015)
A new study published in early August 2015 reveals a number of serious cloud-related problems associated with CMIP5 climate models attempting to predict Earth's climatic future, which problems must be resolved before the models can be of any real value in this regard...

150 Years of Mangrove Development in Southern China (16 October 2015)
If global temperatures ever begin to warm again following the current temperature "hiatus" period, such warming would likely be beneficial to mangrove forests based on the results of this recent study...

Effects of Ocean Acidification on Trophic Interactions Across a Natural pH Gradient (15 October 2015)
Phenotypic plasticity observed in the three polychaete species "may allow them to respond well to alterations in the environment and eventually offset near-future ocean acidification scenarios"...

Plant Growth Database (15 October 2015)
Our latest result of plant growth responses to atmospheric CO2 enrichment obtained from experiments described in the peer-reviewed scientific literature is for Mungbean (Li et al., 2015). To access the entire database, click here.

Ocean Acidification and Warming (Effects on Corals: Field Studies) -- Summary (14 October 2015)
Most of the ocean acidification research conducted to date has focused solely on the biological impacts of declining seawater pH. Fewer studies have investigated the interactive effects of ocean acidification and temperature. This summary examines what has been learned in several of such studies for coral reefs, as reported in various field-based studies on the topic. Contrary to what is widely assumed and reported, the studies reviewed here collectively reveal that many corals will remain unaffected by rising temperatures and atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Furthermore, in contrast to projections, some will likely experience growth and performance benefits...

Interactive Effects of CO2, Nitrogen, Water Regime and Sowing Date on Wheat in an Australian FACE Study (14 October 2015)
A 135 ppm enrichment of atmospheric CO2 portends great benefits for the future production of wheat...

Recent Carbon Dynamics in a Canadian Boreal Forest (13 October 2015)
What was the influence of a 1.5°C rise in temperature on the forest carbon balance? Did the forest change from a carbon sink to a carbon source?...

The Rapid Evolution of Thermal Tolerance in a Warming World (13 October 2015)
One can learn a lot about the subject from common water fleas, as the authors of a new study of the subject recently discovered...

Ocean Acidification Database (13 October 2015)
The latest addition of peer-reviewed data archived to our database of marine organism responses to atmospheric CO2 enrichment is Chilean Mussel [Mytilus chilensis] (Duarte et al., 2015). To access the entire database, click here.

Hybrid Tomato Growth Under Elevated Levels of CO2 and Salinity (28 October 2015)
The future of hybrid Raf tomatoes in the Spanish national market looks bright, thanks to the ever-increasing CO2 concentration of the atmosphere...

Talus Slopes: Refugia for Cold-Adapted Species that Live in Them? (9 October 2015)
Would the talus slope environments of the world be cool enough to sustain the species that currently inhabit them in the future CO2-warmed world envisioned by climate alarmists? This question was recently both posed and answered by four scientists of the Czech Republic...

Plant Growth Database (9 October 2015)
Our latest result of plant growth responses to atmospheric CO2 enrichment obtained from experiments described in the peer-reviewed scientific literature is for Red Seaweed (Liu and Zou, 2015). To access the entire database, click here.

Deserts (Expanding or Shrinking?) -- Summary (7 October 2015)
Back when the atmosphere's CO2 concentration was approximately 340 ppm (up from a pre-industrial value on the order of 280 ppm), Idso (1982) stated in a small self-published book (Carbon Dioxide: Friend or Foe?) that if the air's CO2 content continued to climb, it would ultimately enhance plant growth and water use efficiency to the point that semi-arid lands not then suitable for cultivation "could be brought into profitable production," further stating that "the deserts themselves could 'blossom as the rose'." A few years later he advanced essentially the same thesis, but this time in the pages of Nature (Idso, 1986) in a brief paper entitled "Industrial Age Leading to the Greening of the Earth." So how has this thesis progressed in the years and decades since as the air's CO2 content has risen to over 400 ppm today?...

Past and Projected Climate Change Effects on China's Major Crops (7 October 2015)
Analyses of both past and (potential) future impacts of warming on the food security of China suggest that the country should be able to adequately feed both its current population and the much larger projected population of the future...

A New Type of Drought: Lack of Major Land-falling US Hurricanes (6 October 2015)
Amidst all the doom and gloom of climate-alarmist prognostications, real-world data reveal a welcome hiatus in extremely strong land-falling U.S. hurricanes...

Ocean Acidification Database (6 October 2015)
The latest addition of peer-reviewed data archived to our database of marine organism responses to atmospheric CO2 enrichment is Foraminifera [Ammonia aomoriensis] (Haynert and Schonfeld, 2014; temperature = 13°C, salinity = 15 ppt). To access the entire database, click here.

A New Challenge in Modelling Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall (5 October 2015)
A new study provides a good example of how unanticipated climate changes can lead to even more such changes...

A 2,000-Year History of Temperature and Precipitation on the Central Tibetan Plateau (2 October 2015)
Neither climate variable appears to respond to the modern increase in atmospheric CO2. Spectral analysis of historic temperature, on the other hand, strongly implicates the Sun as the principal climate driver...

Tropical Cyclones in the Bay of Bengal During Warmer and Colder Phases of ENSO and the PDO (1 October 2015)
Climate alarmists contend warmer temperatures should be increasing the frequency and magnitude of extreme weather events such as tropical cyclones. However, real world data reveal just the opposite is occurring in nature...

Plant Growth Database (1 October 2015)
Our latest result of plant growth responses to atmospheric CO2 enrichment obtained from experiments described in the peer-reviewed scientific literature is for Purple Pigeon Grass (Khan et al., 2015). To access the entire database, click here.