SUMMARY FOR POLICY MAKERS

PART 1: INDIRECT THREATS
   1. Coral Bleaching
      1.1 Temperature
      1.2 Solar Radiation
      1.3 Solar Radiation-Temperature Interaction
      1.4 Other Phenomena

   2. Responding to Stress: The Power of Adaptation
      2.1 Response to Solar Radiation Stress
      2.2 Response to Temperature Stress
      2.3 Symbiont Shuffling
      2.4 Bacterial Shuffling
      2.5 A Role for Elevated CO2?

   3.  Massive, Widespread Coral Bleaching
      3.1 Is it Caused by Global Warming?
      3.2 An Alternative Hypothesis

   4. Global Warming-Induced Sea Level Rise: Good or Bad for Corals?

PART 2: DIRECT THREATS
   1. Ocean Acidification
      1.1 The Important Role of Biology
      1.2 Coral Calcification
      1.3 Other Marine Organisms

CONCLUDING COMMENT

PART 1 REFERENCES

PART 2 REFERENCES