Calcification Relative to Calcification at Current pH

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Mytilus edulis [Blue Mussel]

Statistics  
  Decline in pH from the Present
 
0.0 to 0.09
0.09 to 0.17
0.17 to 0.3
0.3 to 0.5
More than 0.5
Number of Results
2
5
7
12
6
Arithmetic Mean
1.03
0.84
0.66
0.56
0.19
Standard Error
0.08
0.13
0.08
0.08
0.11

Individual Experiement Results  
      Decline in pH from the Present    

Journal References
Experimental Conditions
0.0
to
0.09
0.09
to
0.17
0.17
to
0.3
0.3
to
0.5
More
than
0.5

Gazeau et al. (2007)
Due to the respiration of the organisms, pCO2 and O2 concentrations increased and decreased, respectively, in the 10-L experimental aquariums. Thus, CO2-free air was bubbled into the aquariums at varying rates in order to set the pCO2 at the desired value and to keep oxygen concentrations near saturation. Incubation times for the organisms in the different pCO2 treatments lasted only 2 hours.
1.14

 
 
 
 

Gazeau et al. (2007)
Due to the respiration of the organisms, pCO2 and O2 concentrations increased and decreased, respectively, in the 10-L experimental aquariums. Thus, CO2-free air was bubbled into the aquariums at varying rates in order to set the pCO2 at the desired value and to keep oxygen concentrations near saturation. Incubation times for the organisms in the different pCO2 treatments lasted only 2 hours.
0.92

 
 
 
 

Gazeau et al. (2007)
Due to the respiration of the organisms, pCO2 and O2 concentrations increased and decreased, respectively, in the 10-L experimental aquariums. Thus, CO2-free air was bubbled into the aquariums at varying rates in order to set the pCO2 at the desired value and to keep oxygen concentrations near saturation. Incubation times for the organisms in the different pCO2 treatments lasted only 2 hours.
 

1.24
 
 
 

Gazeau et al. (2007)
Due to the respiration of the organisms, pCO2 and O2 concentrations increased and decreased, respectively, in the 10-L experimental aquariums. Thus, CO2-free air was bubbled into the aquariums at varying rates in order to set the pCO2 at the desired value and to keep oxygen concentrations near saturation. Incubation times for the organisms in the different pCO2 treatments lasted only 2 hours.
 

1.16
 
 
 

Gazeau et al. (2007)
Due to the respiration of the organisms, pCO2 and O2 concentrations increased and decreased, respectively, in the 10-L experimental aquariums. Thus, CO2-free air was bubbled into the aquariums at varying rates in order to set the pCO2 at the desired value and to keep oxygen concentrations near saturation. Incubation times for the organisms in the different pCO2 treatments lasted only 2 hours.
 

0.59
 
 
 

Gazeau et al. (2007)
Due to the respiration of the organisms, pCO2 and O2 concentrations increased and decreased, respectively, in the 10-L experimental aquariums. Thus, CO2-free air was bubbled into the aquariums at varying rates in order to set the pCO2 at the desired value and to keep oxygen concentrations near saturation. Incubation times for the organisms in the different pCO2 treatments lasted only 2 hours.
 

0.51
 
 
 

Gazeau et al. (2007)
Due to the respiration of the organisms, pCO2 and O2 concentrations increased and decreased, respectively, in the 10-L experimental aquariums. Thus, CO2-free air was bubbled into the aquariums at varying rates in order to set the pCO2 at the desired value and to keep oxygen concentrations near saturation. Incubation times for the organisms in the different pCO2 treatments lasted only 2 hours.
 

 
0.95
 
 

Gazeau et al. (2007)
Due to the respiration of the organisms, pCO2 and O2 concentrations increased and decreased, respectively, in the 10-L experimental aquariums. Thus, CO2-free air was bubbled into the aquariums at varying rates in order to set the pCO2 at the desired value and to keep oxygen concentrations near saturation. Incubation times for the organisms in the different pCO2 treatments lasted only 2 hours.
 

 
 
1.03
 

Gazeau et al. (2007)
Due to the respiration of the organisms, pCO2 and O2 concentrations increased and decreased, respectively, in the 10-L experimental aquariums. Thus, CO2-free air was bubbled into the aquariums at varying rates in order to set the pCO2 at the desired value and to keep oxygen concentrations near saturation. Incubation times for the organisms in the different pCO2 treatments lasted only 2 hours.
 

 
0.62
 
 

Gazeau et al. (2007)
Due to the respiration of the organisms, pCO2 and O2 concentrations increased and decreased, respectively, in the 10-L experimental aquariums. Thus, CO2-free air was bubbled into the aquariums at varying rates in order to set the pCO2 at the desired value and to keep oxygen concentrations near saturation. Incubation times for the organisms in the different pCO2 treatments lasted only 2 hours.
 

 
0.86
 
 

Gazeau et al. (2007)
Due to the respiration of the organisms, pCO2 and O2 concentrations increased and decreased, respectively, in the 10-L experimental aquariums. Thus, CO2-free air was bubbled into the aquariums at varying rates in order to set the pCO2 at the desired value and to keep oxygen concentrations near saturation. Incubation times for the organisms in the different pCO2 treatments lasted only 2 hours.
 

 
0.57
 
 

Gazeau et al. (2007)
Due to the respiration of the organisms, pCO2 and O2 concentrations increased and decreased, respectively, in the 10-L experimental aquariums. Thus, CO2-free air was bubbled into the aquariums at varying rates in order to set the pCO2 at the desired value and to keep oxygen concentrations near saturation. Incubation times for the organisms in the different pCO2 treatments lasted only 2 hours.
 

 
0.43
 
 

Gazeau et al. (2007)
Due to the respiration of the organisms, pCO2 and O2 concentrations increased and decreased, respectively, in the 10-L experimental aquariums. Thus, CO2-free air was bubbled into the aquariums at varying rates in order to set the pCO2 at the desired value and to keep oxygen concentrations near saturation. Incubation times for the organisms in the different pCO2 treatments lasted only 2 hours.
 

 
0.84
 
 

Gazeau et al. (2007)
Due to the respiration of the organisms, pCO2 and O2 concentrations increased and decreased, respectively, in the 10-L experimental aquariums. Thus, CO2-free air was bubbled into the aquariums at varying rates in order to set the pCO2 at the desired value and to keep oxygen concentrations near saturation. Incubation times for the organisms in the different pCO2 treatments lasted only 2 hours.
 

 
0.35
 
 

Gazeau et al. (2007)
Due to the respiration of the organisms, pCO2 and O2 concentrations increased and decreased, respectively, in the 10-L experimental aquariums. Thus, CO2-free air was bubbled into the aquariums at varying rates in order to set the pCO2 at the desired value and to keep oxygen concentrations near saturation. Incubation times for the organisms in the different pCO2 treatments lasted only 2 hours.
 

 
 
0.97
 

Gazeau et al. (2007)
Due to the respiration of the organisms, pCO2 and O2 concentrations increased and decreased, respectively, in the 10-L experimental aquariums. Thus, CO2-free air was bubbled into the aquariums at varying rates in order to set the pCO2 at the desired value and to keep oxygen concentrations near saturation. Incubation times for the organisms in the different pCO2 treatments lasted only 2 hours.
 

 
 
0.73
 

Gazeau et al. (2007)
Due to the respiration of the organisms, pCO2 and O2 concentrations increased and decreased, respectively, in the 10-L experimental aquariums. Thus, CO2-free air was bubbled into the aquariums at varying rates in order to set the pCO2 at the desired value and to keep oxygen concentrations near saturation. Incubation times for the organisms in the different pCO2 treatments lasted only 2 hours.
 

 
 
0.68
 

Gazeau et al. (2007)
Due to the respiration of the organisms, pCO2 and O2 concentrations increased and decreased, respectively, in the 10-L experimental aquariums. Thus, CO2-free air was bubbled into the aquariums at varying rates in order to set the pCO2 at the desired value and to keep oxygen concentrations near saturation. Incubation times for the organisms in the different pCO2 treatments lasted only 2 hours.
 

 
 
0.38
 

Gazeau et al. (2007)
Due to the respiration of the organisms, pCO2 and O2 concentrations increased and decreased, respectively, in the 10-L experimental aquariums. Thus, CO2-free air was bubbled into the aquariums at varying rates in order to set the pCO2 at the desired value and to keep oxygen concentrations near saturation. Incubation times for the organisms in the different pCO2 treatments lasted only 2 hours.
 

 
 
0.51
 

Gazeau et al. (2007)
Due to the respiration of the organisms, pCO2 and O2 concentrations increased and decreased, respectively, in the 10-L experimental aquariums. Thus, CO2-free air was bubbled into the aquariums at varying rates in order to set the pCO2 at the desired value and to keep oxygen concentrations near saturation. Incubation times for the organisms in the different pCO2 treatments lasted only 2 hours.
 

 
 
0.38
 

Gazeau et al. (2007)
Due to the respiration of the organisms, pCO2 and O2 concentrations increased and decreased, respectively, in the 10-L experimental aquariums. Thus, CO2-free air was bubbled into the aquariums at varying rates in order to set the pCO2 at the desired value and to keep oxygen concentrations near saturation. Incubation times for the organisms in the different pCO2 treatments lasted only 2 hours.
 

 
 
0.54
 

Gazeau et al. (2007)
Due to the respiration of the organisms, pCO2 and O2 concentrations increased and decreased, respectively, in the 10-L experimental aquariums. Thus, CO2-free air was bubbled into the aquariums at varying rates in order to set the pCO2 at the desired value and to keep oxygen concentrations near saturation. Incubation times for the organisms in the different pCO2 treatments lasted only 2 hours.
 

 
 
0.35
 

Gazeau et al. (2007)
Due to the respiration of the organisms, pCO2 and O2 concentrations increased and decreased, respectively, in the 10-L experimental aquariums. Thus, CO2-free air was bubbled into the aquariums at varying rates in order to set the pCO2 at the desired value and to keep oxygen concentrations near saturation. Incubation times for the organisms in the different pCO2 treatments lasted only 2 hours.
 

 
 
0.30
 

Gazeau et al. (2007)
Due to the respiration of the organisms, pCO2 and O2 concentrations increased and decreased, respectively, in the 10-L experimental aquariums. Thus, CO2-free air was bubbled into the aquariums at varying rates in order to set the pCO2 at the desired value and to keep oxygen concentrations near saturation. Incubation times for the organisms in the different pCO2 treatments lasted only 2 hours.
 

 
 
0.03
 

Gazeau et al. (2007)
Due to the respiration of the organisms, pCO2 and O2 concentrations increased and decreased, respectively, in the 10-L experimental aquariums. Thus, CO2-free air was bubbled into the aquariums at varying rates in order to set the pCO2 at the desired value and to keep oxygen concentrations near saturation. Incubation times for the organisms in the different pCO2 treatments lasted only 2 hours.
 

 
 
 
0.08

Gazeau et al. (2007)
Due to the respiration of the organisms, pCO2 and O2 concentrations increased and decreased, respectively, in the 10-L experimental aquariums. Thus, CO2-free air was bubbled into the aquariums at varying rates in order to set the pCO2 at the desired value and to keep oxygen concentrations near saturation. Incubation times for the organisms in the different pCO2 treatments lasted only 2 hours.
 

 
 
 
0.00

Gazeau et al. (2007)
Due to the respiration of the organisms, pCO2 and O2 concentrations increased and decreased, respectively, in the 10-L experimental aquariums. Thus, CO2-free air was bubbled into the aquariums at varying rates in order to set the pCO2 at the desired value and to keep oxygen concentrations near saturation. Incubation times for the organisms in the different pCO2 treatments lasted only 2 hours.
 

 
 
 
0.35

Gazeau et al. (2007)
Due to the respiration of the organisms, pCO2 and O2 concentrations increased and decreased, respectively, in the 10-L experimental aquariums. Thus, CO2-free air was bubbled into the aquariums at varying rates in order to set the pCO2 at the desired value and to keep oxygen concentrations near saturation. Incubation times for the organisms in the different pCO2 treatments lasted only 2 hours.
 

 
 
 
0.00

Gazeau et al. (2007)
Due to the respiration of the organisms, pCO2 and O2 concentrations increased and decreased, respectively, in the 10-L experimental aquariums. Thus, CO2-free air was bubbled into the aquariums at varying rates in order to set the pCO2 at the desired value and to keep oxygen concentrations near saturation. Incubation times for the organisms in the different pCO2 treatments lasted only 2 hours.
 

 
 
 
0.00

Ries et al. (2009)
Calcification rates of blue mussel grown for 60 days under normal and reduced pH conditions. pH was altered by the addition of CO2.
 

0.70
 
 
 

Ries et al. (2009)
Calcification rates of blue mussel grown for 60 days under normal and reduced pH conditions. pH was altered by the addition of CO2.
 

 
 
0.82
 

Ries et al. (2009)
Calcification rates of blue mussel grown for 60 days under normal and reduced pH conditions. pH was altered by the addition of CO2.
 

 
 
 
0.70

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